Method and system for nuclear power plant synchroscope simulation for operator training

ABSTRACT

A method and system for the real-time simulation of the dynamic operation of a nuclear power plant in which a synchroscope is provided for determining the frequency and phase difference of two voltage sources for informing the operator of the proper conditions for connecting the two voltage sources to a common electrical distribution line, utilizes apparatus that includes digital computer means for calculating data relating to the frequency difference between combinations of two voltage sources in accordance with predetermined simulated conditions including the operation of control panel devices. A digital to analogue converter utilizes the selected frequency difference and a bias factor to operate a voltage controlled generator for producing an AC voltage which operates a synchroscope dial in accordance with its frequency and the frequency of a constant reference voltage.

United States Patent [1 1 Alliston et al.

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANT SYNCHROSCOPE SIMULATION FOR OPERATOR TRAINING [75] Inventors: William H. Alliston, Murrysville;

Steven J. Johnson, McKnight Rd, both of Pa.

[73] Assignee: Westinghouse Electric Corporation,

Pittsburgh, Pa.

[22] Filed: Mar. 14, 1973 [21] Appl. No.: 341,181

[52] US. Cl. 235/l5l.2l; 35/13; 444/1;

[51] Int. Cl..... 606i /06; G06f 15/56; G06b 9/00 [58] Field of Search 444/1; 235/184, 151.21;

[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,061,945 1/1962 Hawkins 35/10 3,237,318 3/1966 Schager 35/10 OTHER PUBLICATIONS Reactor Simulator Tuilizing A Vacuum; Harry Reese Jr.; RCA Technical Notes, RCA TN No.: 493, Sept. 1961. Dynamic Simulation of a Fast Reactor; R. G. Olson, Nucleonics, May, 1957; pp. 76-79.

[ June 10, 1975 An Electronic Reactor Simulator; Ross Cameron & D. A. Austio; Nuclear Power; April, 1957; pp. 146-151.

PWR Training Simulator; J. P. Franz & W. H. Alliston; Nucleonics, May, 1957; pp. -83.

[57] ABSTRACT A method and system for the real-time simulation of the dynamic operation of a nuclear power plant in which a synchroscope is provided for determining the frequency and phase difference of two voltage sources for informing the operator of the proper conditions for connecting the two voltage sources to a common electrical distribution line, utilizes apparatus that includes digital computer means for calculating data relating to the frequency difference between combinations of two voltage sources in accordance with predetermined simulated conditions including the operation of control panel devices. A digital to analogue converter utilizes the selected frequency difference and a bias factor to operate a voltage controlled generator for producing an AC voltage which operates a synchroscope dial in accordance with its frequency and the frequency of a constant reference voltage.

14 Claims, 34 Drawing Figures a GNC I l -.N'|'AlNMENTl cowrnmmeur BUILDING "$6 5335" s am 5 FAN svsr 1 %%tf ifi PRESSURIZER HEYLDEEJSEIC i SYSTEM TURBINE HE unt i r CONTROLLER T REMOVAL t c IREH L 1 REH snserv I r INJESCTION s e 'f l g l v r M 5.5 E L QPL .3. L E I ESYSTEM-fl SG(A.B.C,DI Low I REACTOR J. g. STEAM PRESSURE cvcs VESSEL l summons TURTNES OUTP T u vii magi. av :RCP(A.8.C.D1 E L vou'ass CONTROL h srsrsm PUMPS (A EC 0) fier 'g R 1 5 Fe M... I I I I I j I 1 HEX F owm' CONDENSMTE l SYSTEM svsrenr l cw l x I cou'mor. OFFICE I H r H H l fiivt 'ifie K N|SP\ 555 cmculrmr Q ,eoP

NUCLEAR ENGINEERED asncroa CONTROLB rue I hSTRUMENTATION SAFEGUARDS INSTRUMENTATION 8 MAW GENERATOR CONTROL SYSTEM PANEL SYSTEM auses svsrsm PANELS BALANCE OF PLANT PANELS PATENTEDJUH I 0 I975 SHEET m GZ 0 0020020 000000200 00020 00020 00 20 02 00 2J 0000000000 00005 0000000200 02.0000 000.2200 00000000000 020000202 x000 000 52000020 dfimwmm 00020000 .6 00 000002620 2055000 mfimfi fl 0000 2. 00 00 v 00 00 0 00 00 0- 00 r 0000200 000000002 00 000 0 0 E 000 00 004000; 005300.020 00:000 .50z 0.30.50 0.30? 0.30.50 .5950 5 2 0.30.50 .5 0 05 000; 00005 05005 000 2 000 2 000 2 000 2 030000 0565 -001 000000000 0005950; 000000000 0000090002. 0 0 00202 02.200; 0 00202 0200002 00.002005 .020 020000000 22.0 0000200002.? 2200 :20 020000000 000.50 00000200 %fl S0000 00000200 0022002 0000000 0020002 300000 00202 r 0 00 00 00202 00 0 00 .020 0020 a 0 0000000.? 00 00 00 000P2 0022400 0022020 200 N: 009000 0000200 502. 000400 0 00200 22 22 22 22 23 00 00900 0 10200 0000 00 003 000000 003 000000 20000 0565 0000200 00202 0000 0000200 0000200 000P000k00M 00022000000 000000000 50.59.50; 000220000000 00 00x000 .502 0 000.E 20.00 000000000 NQE 00000005 0000200 02200000 00202 00 m2 %0 mr 0 0 00002210 0000600 20000 290.000 00.52 0 20 2 000 0 29.60000; 00.56000 00.30000 4.50 04 0w0 w0 0 m0 Emwzmo 2076mm mmwoo w0 km0mk .020 900 .020 00202 0020200232 9000 003 0C020 2 0000.200 0 00000 002 0 002 0.:0 000 000 0200 000000000 00000200 000000000 PATENTEDJIJH 10 m5 3.889.106 sum 13 EFNGR EPNRG EPNRDO EPNRDA erzsn EPZRG EPZFIDO erznoA ANALOG SWITCH ANALOG SWITCH ANALOG SWITCH ANALOG SWITCH ANALOG SWITCH ANALOG WITCH ANALOG SWITCH ANALOG SWITCH a ewzcoo EPZGDA erzooa EPNRDB EPNGDO EPNGDA EPNGDB EPZRDB FIG. ll3/2 PATENTEDJUN 1 0 ms 3 8 89,106

SHEET 14 EPSDRO EPSDRA EFSDRB EPSDGO EPSDGA EPSDGB EPXDRO EPXDFIA EPXDRB EPXDGO I EPXDGA I EPXDGB I I I l I l l I I I l I J I l I I I ANALOG ANALOG ANALOG ANALOG ANALOG ANALOG SWITCH SWITCH SWITCH SWITCH SWITCH SWITCH I I I I I l I l I l I I I I I I I l I I I I I I I I I L I .I

I I r- I 1 I I I I I I I I I I l I I I I l I l l l 4 ANALOG ANALOG ANALOG ANALOG ANALOG ANALOG SWITCH SWITCH SWITCH SWITCH SWITCH SNITCH I I T I I I I I I I l I I I l I I I I I I I I I EPXFIDO EPXRDA EPXHDB EPXGDO EPXGDA EPXGDB EPSRDO EPSFIDA EPSRDB EPSGDO EPSGDA EFSGDB FIG. II3/3 3.8 PATENTEDJuHmms SHEET 15 89 106 EPZRDO EPZGDO EPZFIDA EPZRDB EFZHFI D1I22U SUPPLY VARIABLE FREQUENCY SIGNAL) D1122T lPOWER ON) FIG. H314 PATENTEUJUH 10 1915 A 8 a 9,106 SHEET 17 345 KV RING BUS 80 N! MAIN GENERATOR INEAKERS 007.38 [313738 DGTQZU 0887! 0884* Mil" GENERATOR FmSTD SYSYEM TRANSDRMER DISCONNECY W UNH' AUXll-IARY EFDMYD MAIN TRANSFORMER TRANSFORMER S E I'HZCONNICT AUXILIARY TRINSFORMER MIIN V mnnsrnauza MAIN FEED ESEHVE FEED BREAKER IREAKER BUS 142 TIE BREAKER EPZDXO DIESEL (13W DSEHIIB RESERVE FEED I I MAIN FEED BREAK ER BREAKER FIG. ll3/6 PATENTEDJUN 10 I975 EFZSDO DIESEL 8 POWER TO BUS 144 h 3 V 9 l O 6 SHEET 1 8 EPZDXA EPZSDA ewzsoo mesa A mesa. 0

POWER TO BUS 142 POWER TO BUS 143 

1. A system for the dynamic simulation of the real-time operation of a nuclear power plant, comprising a plurality of manually operable devices for remotely operating simulated plant devices, including varying a simulated alternating current voltage output frequency, a plurality of indicating devices for monitoring the operation of the simulated plant including synchroscope indicating means for comparing the frequency and phase of an alternating voltage on isolated electrical conductors, first means to generate physical values relating to the voltage frequency output of a first simulated electrical generating source in accordance with values relating to the operation of predetermined manually operable devices, second means to generate physical values relating to the voltage frequency output of a second electrical generating source, third means to generate a third physical value in accordance with the difference between the first and second physical values, means responsive to the third physical value to generate an analog signal representative of the third physical value, means to generate an alternating current voltage having a frequency representative of the value of the analog signal, means to apply a reference alternating voltage to the synchroscope indicating means, and means responsive to the generated frequency and the reference frequency to operate the synchroscope indicating means in accordance with the third physical value to monitor the difference frequency between the isolated electrical conductors in accordance with the speed of rotation of the synchroscope indicating means.
 2. A system according to claim 1 wherein the generated third physical value includes a normalizing factor, the value of which is related to the value of the reference voltage.
 3. A system according to claim 1 wherein the angular position of the synchroscope indicating means is representative of the phase difference between the isolated conductors, further comprising means responsive to the closing of a simulated circuit breaker to connect the simulated isolated conductors to substitute the reference voltage for the generated voltage, whereby the synchroscope indicating means indicates an in phase relationship.
 4. A system according to claim 1 wherein the analog signal generating means includes a plurality of input channel gates each of which relates to a possible condition of operation of a simulated electrical generating means and the operated condition of the manually operable means, fUrther comprising, means responsive to the position of the manually operable devices and the simulated operation of simulated electrical generating means to operate a single one of the gates in accordance with a determination of a predetermined running voltage bus and the presence or absence of a voltage on the predetermined bus and the incoming line, and the closed circuit condition between the running bus and the incoming voltage.
 5. A training simulator for the dynamic operation of a nuclear power electrical generating plant comprising, a control and monitoring console having a plurality of remote control and indicating devices for remotely controlling and monitoring simulated devices of the plant, a first means including a programmed digital computer connected to the control and monitoring console responsive to input data relating to the operation of the remote control devices to calculate physical values relating to the alternating current voltage output of a plurality of electrical generating means, a second means including a programmed digital computer to calculate a data value relating to a frequency difference between any two of the voltage outputs in accordance with each of the calculated output voltages, circuit means to generate an alternating current voltage having a frequency related to a selected one of the frequency difference related values, a third means including a programmed digital computer to select one of the frequency difference related data values for input to the circuit means, indicating means responsive to the generated alternating current voltage to monitor the frequency difference between the selected voltage outputs, and means responsive to the manually operable devices to vary the operation of at least one of the electrical generating means.
 6. A system according to claim 5 wherein the second means includes a normalizing factor to the frequency related difference value and the indicating means is operative in accordance with the generated voltage frequency and the frequency of a reference voltage.
 7. A system according to claim 6 including means responsive to the closing of a simulated circuit breaker connecting the selected frequency difference related data to change the frequency and phase of the generated output voltage to correspond to the frequency and phase of the reference voltage.
 8. A system according to claim 5 wherein the third means includes a first selection means to determine the simulated bus having a running voltage, a second selection means to determine the presence and source of voltage on the running bus, a third selection means to determine the presence of a voltage on an incoming line, and a fourth selection means to determine an open circuit condition between the running bus and incoming voltage.
 9. A system according to claim 5 wherein the plurality of electrical generating sources includes a simulated main generator incoming voltage and an external running voltage.
 10. A system according to claim 5 wherein the plurality of electrical generating sources includes a simulated main generator voltage and a simulated diesel generator voltage.
 11. A method of simulating the dynamic operation of a nuclear power plant that has a plurality of alternating voltage sources including a main generator that is connectable to an electrical distribution line on which there is an AC voltage of a predetermined frequency and at least one auxiliary generator connectable to an electrical distribution line with the main generator, utilizing apparatus wherein a plurality of console control devices corresponding to simulated plant control devices provide input data to means including a programmed digital computer to generate physical values relating to plant operation and a plurality of indicating devices including a synchroscope to respond to generated output data to monitor the simulated operation of the plant, comprising, generating during each time step data values relating to the frequency output of the voltage sources in accordance with input data from the console control devices, generating during each time step a data value relating to the difference frequency of any two of the plurality of simulated voltage sources in accordance with generated data values relating to frequency output voltage, selecting one of the frequency difference data values in accordance with the operation of the manually operable devices, converting the selected frequency difference data value to an alternating current voltage, and detecting the frequency between each of the selected voltage sources.
 12. A method according to claim 11 wherein the selection of the frequency difference data value comprises determining each simulated electrical conductor on which there is an AC voltage in accordance with the operation of predetermined console control devices, determining the presence or absence of a voltage on each running bus in accordance with the operation of predetermined console control devices and the simulated operation of the electrical generating sources, determining the presence or absence of a voltage on each incoming line in accordance with the operation of predetermined console control devices, and determining the closed circuit condition between each running bus and incoming voltage in accordance with simulated control devices.
 13. A method according to claim 11 wherein the difference frequency data value includes a normalizing factor to operate the circuit means to apply an AC voltage to the synchroscope indicating means to operate such indicating means in accordance with the difference between the generated AC voltage and a reference voltage applied to the synchroscope indicating means.
 14. A method according to claim 13 further comprising connecting a voltage equal in phase and frequency to the synchroscope indicating means in response to the operation of a simulated control device connecting the simulated voltage sources. 